Which of the following is an example of a situation where disclosure without consent is legally mandated?

The situation where disclosure without consent is legally mandated typically involves circumstances where there is an imminent risk to an individual's safety or the safety of others. In this case, a client exhibiting suicidal behavior poses a serious concern that requires immediate action to ensure their safety. Mental health professionals have a duty to protect individuals who may be at risk of self-harm, which can include breaking confidentiality to alert appropriate authorities, such as emergency services or family members, to prevent potential harm.

This requirement is grounded in the ethical and legal responsibilities that mental health professionals have concerning duty to warn and protect. When a client expresses suicidal ideation or demonstrates behavior that suggests they may be a risk to themselves, mental health professionals must take appropriate measures, which may involve disclosing the information to necessary parties to facilitate intervention.

In contrast, other scenarios, such as a client requesting a treatment summary or wanting to change their therapist, do not create a legal mandate for disclosure without consent because they do not involve imminent danger. Similarly, a client disclosing past criminal activity may be sensitive information but does not inherently require the therapist to disclose that information without the client's permission unless it relates to ongoing or future harm to oneself or others.